Mindfulness would be more appropriate IMO for self-awareness, it basically is self-awareness. As you mentioned, ADA focused on the external environment. While paying attention to anything raises awareness, it's not necessarily self-awareness.

As far as "how to" guide for self-awareness, I think mindfulness books are a great source. Some very approachable ones are "Mindfulness in Plain English" and "Wherever You Go, There You Are: Mindfulness Meditation in Everyday Life". Another one I just heard about is "The Mindful Geek" which claims to approach the subject from a secular standpoint without any "spiritualism." I don't mind spirituality in books, but this one still might be interesting.

In a nutshell, feel yourself strongly present in the moment, for as long as you can, as much as you can. Avoid autopilot/mindless/zombie modes. Observe your emotions, reactions to experience, and work to control your reactions to experience as opposed to experience controlling you.