The idea is called Causal Determinism, and yes.
 Originally Posted by Replicon
So to answer your question, observing a baby till age 10 is not enough to be able to predict things, because as chaos takes over while there is plenty of developing to be done, things will get randomized.
I disagree. Observing the baby is never enough to predict anything. Observing the baby, along with everything in the baby's universe, however, will yield different results.
Assuming that randomness does not exist, then we can predict the future, and all future actions of human beings, from one moment in time. All we need to know is the position of every piece of matter in the universe and the forces acting on them at one particular instant, and after that chains of cause and effect should extend predictably into the future.
Chaos is not randomness, it is merely infinitely complex causality, and, as such, is theoretically predictable.
Causal determinism has many interesting implications - for example, obviously humans would have no free will. With no free will, moral responsibility cannot exist.
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