Nice, I agree with the above post except for one little point. Maybe at first meditation may seem like conditioning the mind. But in fact, the whole purpose is to uncondition the mind. To allow the mind to relax in its natural unconditioned state.
It might help you to know about the stages of meditation. These are not beliefs, but the stages of meditation everyone who meditates successfully goes through, no matter what their tradition or beliefs.
There is a map of the stages of insight that the Buddha mapped out. Various Christian mystics have also mapped out similar maps. The Kaballa tree of life is also a similar map.
It is said that the first insight a meditator has is that their mind is like a waterfall. Thoughts and physical sensations are constantly cascading through their awareness, carrying them away. They realize for the first time how insane and out-of-control their minds actually are.
Eventually, by continuing to pay steady attention to experience, there is a shift into what is called Mind & Body. Mind and Body is very pleasant and state-like, and the key insight revealed here is that there are all sorts of subtle phenomena—that were once below the threshold of our attention—which we are now aware of. These include intentions, thoughts, and the simple knowing of experience (consciousness).
With continued investigation, the pleasantness from Mind & Body begins to fade and one begins to see a stronger relationship between all of these elements. The next stage, Cause and Effect reveals that intentions actually precede actions. There is the intention to take a step forward and then the action follows directly after it. From here things can begin to get a bit faster, but also more unpleasant. The next stage, which is the 1st major trough in the process, is called The Three Characteristics. One’s attention has become much more finely honed, to the point that with a fair amount of reliability one is able to perceive the impermanent, unsatisfactory, and relatively selfless nature of our experience. This is particular true of physical experiences, and it’s not uncommon at this stage to experience strange, and uncomfortable physical phenomena, such as a sore neck, back, or shoulders, a build up of pressure in the forehead, finding one’s posture twisting into odd positions, etc. There also tends to be a lot of heat during this phase. I’ve often felt, when going through the three characteristics, that my body was cooking from the inside-out. And to top things off there can also be a good bit of emotional difficulty including tightness, irritation, and sadness.
Oddly enough, the only way through this difficult period is to continue to practice well, and to perceive the three characteristics with greater clarity and speed. If one is doing the noting practice, then somewhere in here it becomes natural to drop the noting in favor of perceiving things with a more bare attention. At this point one is perceiving the arising and passing of experience so quickly that the mental notes can actually feel cumbersome and clunky. During this phase, called The Arising and Passing Away (or A&P for short), things begin to get much more clear and pleasant. For many people they find they can sit much longer than they normally could, and can do so with very little effort. Meditation becomes quite easy, almost effortless at times, and accompanying this are many deep insights into the nature of phenomenal reality. Brightness, clarity, and joy often accompany this phase of the process.
At some point there is a peak to this phase, and there is an important event that happens called the A&P Event (or pseudo-nirvana). It is a peak experience, which reveals something very profound in the relationship to experience, and is often described in various ways. These can include descriptions of a great dip in reality, a momentary release of identity, an explosion of consciousness, or even something resembling an out of body experience. It can also happen in a lucid dream—as it did for the me the first time I remember crossing it. In all cases it is an important landmark not because of the experience itself, because of what follows it: the dark night.

[The preceding map is a graphical representation that uses a sinusoidal wave to describe the progress of insight. The vertical axis is describing the vedana, or feeling tone, of each particular phase. The center is neutral, the peaks are pleasant, and the troughs unpleasant. The horizontal axis is describing time, though in this case it’s not to-scale. Certain phases tend to take longer than others.]
The Dark Night, a term borrowed from the Christian mystic St. John of the Cross, describes a series of stages that follow one another quite closely. The first is Dissolution, in which phenomena are arising and passing so quickly that all that is noticed is actually the endings of phenomena. The subjective experience is very much of things dissolving, and falling away to quickly to really perceive clearly. After dissolution, you have stages with such fun names as, Fear, Misery, Disgust, & Desire for Deliverance. The mind goes through a series of intense reactions to the fact that reality is dissolving moment-to-moment. One’s attention becomes quite broad and unstable, and there is a very real sense that the ‘observer’ of experience is itself beginning to shake. There is also often an intensive emotional component to the dark night. During intensive practice it can feel as though one is being hit by wave after wave of intense emotions. After being hit by several small waves, one then has to handle the last stage of the dark night, called Re-observation. True to its name, it’s as if all the small earlier stages of the dark night combine into one, and one has to re-observe, or re-learn, the lessons of each. But this time instead of several small waves it’s one gigantic one! During this phase many people report having a difficult time sitting still at all, intense and primal feelings of frustration, and the most extreme mental upset imaginable. Re-observation is often called the “rolling up the mat” stage, as it can be so difficult that one feels compelled to just stop right here. And in fact many people do. If one is able to keep their resolve during re-observation and continue to pay attention to the constant arising and passing of phenomena then eventually it will subsist. It is not an immediate relief, but rather a gradual one.
Where, during the dark night, attention was broad but shaky, in the early part of this next stage, Equanimity, it starts to get a bit more stable. One begins to be able to sit for longer periods of time, and insights come naturally and organically. The neutral quality of experience predominates here (instead of the extreme highs and lows that preceded this stage), and as a result equanimity is often very peaceful and relaxed. Meditation can take on a more-or-less effortless quality toward the later part of the equanimity stage (what is called high equanimity). During high equanimity it is also common to slip into formless realms of concentration. It is at this point, that the conditions are ripe, for a spontaneous realization of emptiness to occur.
In the Theravada tradition, there are several moments, which occur in succession at the time of achieving the 1st stage of enlightenment. These are the 12th – 15th stages of the progress of insight map and include Conformity, Change of Lineage, Path, and Fruition. The 1st three moments are said to happen only once for each stage of enlightenment (4 in total) and the last, Fruition, is the actual event, which is referred to as emptiness or nirvana.
During the event of Fruition, which from the outside only takes a split second, all of reality blinks out of existence and then suddenly reappears. During the blink, or gap in reality, there is absolutely no sense of self, identity, observer, awareness, or anything else that would make think one that “they” have experienced anything in particular. As the late Bill Hamilton, wrote in his book Saints and Psychopaths, “Nirvana is an experience of the Unconditioned which defies any description. Any description of Nirvana is not a description of Nirvana, and that is the most that can be said about Nirvana. There are no reference points in Nirvana on which to base a description.” In the end one has to have this experience to know it, and as Hamilton points out, it is often an experience that defies any sort of easy description. Following Fruition there is a great sense of bliss that wells up, and a very real feeling that something important has happened (though it’s almost never what one expected). Some people describe it as a feeling of coming home, or of realizing that which they’ve most desired.
The last stage of the progress of insight is called Review. During review one begins to go through all of the previous stages, and almost immediately finds themselves in the arising and passing stage. They traverse this stage just as before, cross the A&P event, struggle through the dark night once again, emerge into equanimity, and once again reality blinks out for a moment with a Fruition. This cycle repeats itself again and again just like this until the territory has been thoroughly learned, hence the name Review. The only thing that changes is that during each progressive cycle, they become a bit easier and faster. Eventually a new full cycle of insight will emerge, and one will begin to work on the next stage of enlightenment. At this point they start all the way back at square one, but at a whole new layer of subtlety.
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